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Workplace Safety: The Line Of Fire

30 minutesEN / ESSafety Training29 CFR 1910.212, 29 CFR 1910.147, OSHA Fatal Four
Quick Answer

Workplace Safety: The Line of Fire is a 30-minute online course that teaches employees to recognize and avoid line-of-fire hazards - situations where a worker is positioned in the path of moving objects, stored energy, or equipment that could cause struck-by, caught-in, or released-energy injuries. It is designed for employees in construction, manufacturing, oil and gas, and other high-hazard industries and includes a downloadable certificate of completion.

Course Overview

Line-of-fire incidents are among the most common causes of serious workplace injuries and fatalities. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that contact with objects and equipment consistently ranks among the top three causes of workplace fatalities, accounting for hundreds of deaths annually. Struck-by and caught-in/between hazards - both line-of-fire categories - are two of OSHA's Fatal Four in construction and are responsible for a significant share of serious injuries in general industry as well. Machine guarding violations (29 CFR 1910.212) generated 1,239 citations in FY 2025.

This course prepares your employees to recognize when they are in the line of fire and take immediate corrective action. Your team will learn to identify the three categories of line-of-fire exposure - struck-by moving objects, caught-in/between equipment or materials, and released-energy hazards - and apply practical avoidance techniques. The course uses real-world scenarios to illustrate how positioning, awareness, and communication prevent the incidents that injure thousands of workers every year.

What You'll Learn

  • Defining line-of-fire hazards and the three exposure categories: struck-by, caught-in, and released energy
  • Recognizing common line-of-fire situations in construction, manufacturing, and general industry
  • Body positioning and spatial awareness techniques to avoid line-of-fire exposure
  • The role of communication and coordination in preventing line-of-fire incidents
  • Identifying stored energy hazards including pressurized systems, springs, and suspended loads
  • How to assess and control line-of-fire risks before starting a task
  • Real-world incident case studies and the conditions that led to injuries

Who Needs This Training

  • Construction workers on active job sites with overhead and mobile equipment hazards
  • Manufacturing and industrial employees working near moving machinery
  • Oil and gas workers exposed to high-pressure systems and heavy equipment
  • Warehouse employees working in proximity to forklifts and material handling equipment
  • Maintenance and service technicians working around stored energy systems
  • Supervisors responsible for worksite safety planning and crew positioning

Regulatory Background

Line-of-fire hazards fall under multiple OSHA standards depending on the specific exposure. The machine guarding standard (29 CFR 1910.212) requires protection from point-of-operation hazards, rotating parts, and flying objects, and ranked 10th on OSHA's FY 2025 Top 10 with 1,239 citations. In construction, struck-by and caught-in/between hazards are addressed under 29 CFR 1926 Subpart O and the General Duty Clause. OSHA's lockout/tagout standard (29 CFR 1910.147) addresses the released-energy component of line-of-fire exposure and was the fourth most-cited violation in FY 2025 with 2,177 citations. The Bureau of Labor Statistics recorded 5,070 fatal work injuries in 2024, with contact events and equipment-related incidents accounting for a substantial share. Penalties for violations reach up to $16,550 per serious citation and $165,514 for willful or repeated violations.

Frequently Asked Questions

A line-of-fire hazard exists when a worker is positioned in the path of a moving object, stored energy release, or equipment operation that could cause injury. The three categories are struck-by hazards (falling or moving objects), caught-in/between hazards (machinery, collapsing materials), and released-energy hazards (pressurized systems, spring-loaded components, suspended loads).
Multiple standards apply depending on the hazard type. Machine guarding (29 CFR 1910.212) addresses contact with moving parts and flying objects. Lockout/tagout (29 CFR 1910.147) covers energy control during servicing. Construction standards under 29 CFR 1926 address struck-by and caught-in hazards on job sites. The General Duty Clause applies to any recognized hazard not covered by a specific standard.
Two of OSHA's Fatal Four - struck-by and caught-in/between - are line-of-fire hazard categories. Together with falls and electrocutions, they account for more than half of all construction worker fatalities. Line-of-fire awareness training directly addresses the behavioral and positioning factors that contribute to these incidents.
OSHA does not have a standalone line-of-fire standard, but the concept is embedded across multiple regulations. Employers must train workers on the specific hazards present in their workplace under standards including machine guarding, lockout/tagout, and construction safety. Line-of-fire training consolidates these awareness skills into a practical framework.
Construction, manufacturing, oil and gas, mining, agriculture, and warehousing report the highest rates of struck-by and caught-in/between injuries. However, line-of-fire hazards exist in any workplace where employees work near moving equipment, overhead loads, pressurized systems, or stored energy - including maintenance operations in office and retail environments.
$29.95
per person
Volume Pricing
Team Size Price per Person
1 - 9$29.95
10 - 24$23.95
25 - 49$21.55
50 - 99$17.50
Subtotal $29.95
Language

This course is available in English and Spanish at no additional charge.

Certificate of completion included. Downloadable upon passing the final assessment.

$29.95
per person